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This work focuses on possibilities of localization and identification of shielded radioactive sources, using a CZT detector altogether with a ground robot. Within analyses of relevant measurement geometries, efficiency calibrations of the detector were performed. Monte Carlo simulations were therefore carried out in order to obtain the efficiency values. In the simulations, the detector was above the source which was shielded by different layers of soil. Based on the simulation results, minimum detectable activities (MDA) were then estimated. Thereafter, measurements with the detector mounted on the unmanned ground robot were conducted in real conditions. According to the created maps of count rates, positions of shielded sources were clearly revealed.